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PCB Via Types: Cost, Design Rules & Selection Guide

A 0.65mm pitch BGA sits on your layout. You need to escape 800 pins, but through-holes eat every routing channel they touch. Do you jump straight to PCB via types like microvias, or can a smarter stackup save the budget? We review over 200 via specifications weekly, and roughly 40% of boards specified with blind or buried […]

A purchasing manager once sent us a request for “500 PCBs” with a BOM attached, expecting fully functional units. We had to clarify that they actually needed PCB vs PCBA distinction understood before production started. This confusion happens more often than you’d think in electronics procurement. A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is just the bare foundation, while […]

A single sharp corner on a copper trace can trap etchant during production. Weeks later, that trapped acid eats through the conductor from the inside out, causing an intermittent field failure that no functional test caught. This is just one of many common PCB problems that slip past inexperienced fabricators. In our builds, we have learned that […]

A missing aperture definition in your PCB Gerber files can halt a production line for days. We have seen entire batches of bare boards scrapped because the solder mask layer did not align with the copper pads, all due to a corrupted vector coordinate in the output zip. These files are not just digital paperwork; they are […]

A 470 µF capacitor sits on the bottom side of a dual-layer board. Halfway through the second reflow pass, gravity wins and the part drops onto the conveyor belt. That is not an STM32 or ESP32 problem, but it illustrates how a single component choice cascades into PCBA assembly yield, test fixture design, and field […]

A single misaligned 0402 capacitor on the first board off the line can silently kill an entire production run. We have seen it happen: the reel was swapped during setup, nobody caught the polarity mark shift, and 500 units went through reflow before anyone noticed. That is exactly why first article inspection SMT exists as a mandatory […]

A fresh batch of industrial controller boards just failed field testing. The root cause? Conformal coating seeped into connector contacts during processing. This scenario repeats constantly in conformal coating exclusion zones management. Many engineers assume full-board coverage equals better protection. Actually, unmasked functional areas create invisible failure points that surface months after shipment. Understanding which components demand […]

A MOSFET on a 5 W buck converter runs fine on the bench. Bolt it into a sealed enclosure, however, and the same part climbs past 110 °C within minutes. PCB thermal management is what separates a board that survives field use from one that cooks its own solder joints. Actually, heat is not a […]

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